Essay question: According to Jainism, what is the distinction between jiva and ajiva? What effect might this distinction have with regard to understanding Jain ethics? What are some of the applications of this metaphysical distinction? All essays must include an introductory paragraph with a thesis statement followed by supporting arguments, and a summary conclusion. Include works cited page.

GED 250 World ReligionsFinal Examination
Multiple Choice Questions

1. Moslems worship in a _______

a. Temple
b. Church
c. Mosque
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

2. Hinduism in India or Roman Catholicism in Spain fall into which of the following types?

a. Church
b. Sect
c. Cult
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

3. The Amish or Jehovah’s Witnesses fall into which of the following types?

a. Church
b. Sect
c. Cult
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

4. Religious groups that combine separation from society with new ideas and an emphasis on mystical experience fall into which religious types?

a. Church
b. Sect
c. Cult
d. All of the above.
e. None of the above

5. Which approach to the study of religion fits in with the time concept and Western ideas?

a. Phenomenological approach
b. Historical approach
c. Critical approach
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

6. An individual who has gained mastery over spirits and who knows the paths of the dead by means of a great initiatory experience is called a _______.

a. Priest
b. Shaman
c. Diviner
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

7. Polytheism reached an apex during which period?

a. Hunting and gathering religion
b. Agricultural religion
c. Ancient empires
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

8. The human custodian of spiritual power, the shaman, is most important during which period?

a. Hunting and gathering religion
b. Agricultural religion
c. Ancient empires
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

9. The earth goddess grew most in significance and was worshiped as a principal deity during which period?

a. Hunting and gathering religion
b. Agricultural religion
c. Ancient empires
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

10. The possibility of different absolute truths existing simultaneously (Dalai Lama) is an expression of _______.

a. Liberalism
b. Modernism
c. Postmodernism
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

11. Which of the following characterize the soul?

a. Separable part of yourself
b. Undying
c. Widespread in the world
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
12. Which of the following is a city in India?

a. Delhi
b. Bombay
c. Calcutta
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

13. One’s place in Hindu society is called _______.

a. Rita
b. Karma
c. Caste
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

14. The cosmic order is called _______.

a. Rita
b. Karma
c. Caste
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

15. Dharma imposed personal retribution and reward through _______.

a. Rita
b. Karma
c. Caste
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

16. According to the Laws of Manu, the basic end of man which is pleasure is called _______.

a. Kama
b. Artha
c. Dharma
d. Nirvana
e. None of the above

17. According to the Laws of Manu, the basic end of man which is liberation is called _______.

a. Kama
b. Artha
c. Moksha
d. Nirvana
e. None of the above

18. According to the Laws of Manu, the basic end of man which is righteousness is called _______.

a. Kama
b. Artha
c. Dharma
d. Nirvana
e. None of the above

19. According to the Laws of Manu, the basic end of man which is gain is called _______.

a. Kama
b. Artha
c. Dharma
d. Nirvana
e. None of the above

20. The sets of songs and chants for auxiliary groups of priests and charms from the Vedas are called
_______.

a. Sama Veda
b. Yajur Veda
c. Artharva Veda
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

21. The “Books of the Forest Schools” are _______.

a. Brahamans
b. Aranyakas
c. Upanishads
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

22. The commentaries on the Vedas are _______.

a. Brahamans
b. Aranyakas
c. Upanishads
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

23. Jainism was founded by _______.

a. Siddhartha Gautama
b. Mahavira
c. Ashoka
d. Guru Nanak
e. None of the above

24. Buddhism was founded by _______.

a. Siddhartha Gautama
b. Mahavira
c. Ashoka
d. Guru Nanak
e. None of the above

25. Which is the correct listing of castes/varnas, from highest to lowest rank?

a. Brahmins, Vaisyas, Kshatriyas, Shudras.
b. Brahmins, Shudras, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas.
c. Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, Shudras.
d. Kshatriyas, Shudras, Vaisyas, Brahmins.
e. None of the above.

26. According to the Yoga Sutras, the first limbs are positive and negative moral rules called _______.
a. yama and niyama
b. siddhis and dharmana
c. asana and pranayama
d. pratyahara and dhyana
e. None of the above

27. According to the Yoga Sutras, posture and breath control are called _______.

a. asana and pranayama
b. siddhis and dharmana
c. yama and niyama
d. pratyahara and dhyana
e. None of the above

28. Krishna teaches Prince Arjuna the secret of _______.

a. Jnana-yoga
b. Bhakti-yoga
c. Karma-yoga
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

29. The Three Refuges takes refuge in _______.

a. Buddha
b. Dharma
c. Samgha
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

30. What is Nirvana?

a. Being with Buddha in the Pure Land.
b. What you experience after solving a koan.
c. Great Western Paradise.
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

31. Vajrayana can be characterized by _______.

a. Known as the Thunderbolt Vessel
b. Found in Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, and Mongolia
c. Known as the Diamond Vessel
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

32. In Vajrayana thought, the dharmakaya is made equivalent to _______.

a. Paramitas
b. Prajna
c. Prajnaparamita
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

33. Who brought the Chan tradition of Buddhism to China?

a. Upali
b. Kashyapa
c. Bodhidharma
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

34. Shinto gods are known as _______.

a. Torii
b. Kami
c. Matsuri
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

35. Which of the following is an offering at a Shinto shrine?

a. Torii
b. Kami
c. Matsuri
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

36. What is a Shinto shrine festival called?

a. Torii
b. Kami
c. Matsuri
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

37. The Five Books or Confucian Classics include _______.

a. The Great Learning
b. The Analects
c. The Mean
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

38. In Confucian thought, the Superior Man is called _______.

a. Li
b. Ren
c. Jun-zi
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

39. In Confucian thought, what term indicates rites, proper conduct, ceremonies, courtesy, and doing things the right way?

a. Li
b. Ren
c. Jun-zi
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

40. Society for Confucius was founded on _______.

a. Filial Piety
b. The rectification of names
c. The five relationships
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

41. The Cornerstone relationship among the Five Relationships is _______.

a. Ruler-Subject
b. Father-Son
c. Husband-Wife
d. Elder-Younger Brother
e. Friend-Friend

42. Filal Piety characterizes which of the following Five Relationships?

a. Ruler-Subject
b. Father-Son
c. Husband-Wife
d. Elder-Younger Brother
e. Friend-Friend

43. Which of the following is a Confucian Philosopher?

a. Xunzi
b. Mencius
c. Dong Zhongshu
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

44. Which of the following held that human nature is basically good and is only impeded by an evil social environment?

a. Xunzi
b. Mencius
c. Dong Zhongshu
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

45. Which of the following said that man is basically evil in the sense of being self-centered and need education and social control to become good?

a. Xunzi
b. Mencius
c. Dong Zhongshu
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

46. According to Confucian tradition, which of the following wrote part of and edited all of the Five Books?

a. Xunzi
b. Mencius
c. Dong Zhongshu
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

47. Which of the following religions believes that ultimate reality consists of the Great Way down which the universe moves?

a. Confucianism
b. Daoism/Taoism
c. Shintoism
d. All of the above

e. None of the above

48. Which of the following religions believes that what is expected of humans is: to live spontaneously and close to nature and in more formal systems to meditate and perform rites that draw on close to gods and immortals?

a. Confucianism
b. Daoism/Taoism
c. Shintoism
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

49. Which religious founder was known as the “Old Man” and left China on a water buffalo towards Tibet?

a. Siddhartha
b. Confucius
c. Laozi
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

50. Which of the following books did Laozi write?

a. Baopuzi
b. The Great Learning
c. Dao de jing
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

51. The first and greatest of subsequent Daoist writers is _______.

a. Guo Xiang
b. Baopuzi
c. Ge Hong
d. Zhuangzi
e. All of the above

52. Which of the following are Daoist writers?

a. Guo Xiang
b. Laozi
c. Ge Hong
d. Zhuangzi
e. All of the above

53. Which of the following writings had Outer and Inner parts?

a. The Dao de jing
b. The Baopuzi
c. The Zhuangzi
d. The Yi Jing
e. All of the above

54. Wu-Wei stands for _______.

a. being or doing
b. nonbeing or not doing
c. being or not doing
d. nonbeing or doing
e. None of the above

55. The supreme deity in religious Daoism is _______.

a. The Jade Emperor
b. Laozi
c. The Yellow Emperor
d. The Mother Goddess
e. None of the above

56. In Daoism, which of the following lives in Shangri-La?

a. The Jade Emperor
b. Laozi
c. The Yellow Emperor
d. The Mother Goddess
e. None of the above

57. Who wrote the analects for women?

a. Ch’eng
b. Pan Chao
c. Sung Jo Chao
d. Lui Hsian
e. None of the above

58. In Shinto, the symbolic dwelling place of the kami is called _______.

a. Shintai
b. Gohei
c. Haiden
d. Heiden
e. Honden

59. What is the name of the God Abraham worshiped?

a. Ashtoreth
b. Tammuz
c. Sin
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

60. In Mesopotamia, the dying-rising vegetation god is called _______.

a. Ashtoreth
b. Tammuz
c. Sin
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

61. Among the Hebrews, the nonpriestly spiritual leaders are called _______.

a. Levites
b. Scribes
c. Prophets
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

62. Which of the following were in the Garden of Eden?

a. Cain and Abel
b. Abraham and Sarah
c. Adam and Eve
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

63. Which of the following Hebrew Kings built the first temple?

a. Saul
b. Solomon
c. David
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

64. Which people took Jerusalem and destroyed the Temple, carrying many off into exile?

a. Babylon
b. Egypt
c. Persia
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

65. Who conquered the Persian Empire?

a. Alexander the Great
b. Ptolemy
c. Antiochus IV
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

66. Which of the following teaches the full following of the law or Torah and are very traditional in
Talmudic scholarship, theology, forms of festival and worship?

a. Reform
b. Conservative
c. Reconstructionist
d. Orthodox
e. Messianic Jewish Alliance.

67. Which of the following takes the Law seriously as a guide to life but believes that its provisions can and should be adjusted to suit the conditions of modern living?

a. Reform.
b. Conservative.
c. Reconstructionist.
d. Orthodox.
e. Messianic Jewish Alliance.

68. Which of the following had the “I-Thou” relationship as a key concept of his thinking?

a. Franz Rosenzweig
b. Martin Buber
c. Abraham Joshua Heschel
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

69. The Jewish marital settlement is called _______.

a. Niddah
b. Ketubah
c. Agunah
d. Shekhinah
e. Chuppa

70. Jesus’ chief disciple was _______.

a. Pontius Pilate
b. Judas
c. Thomas
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

71. What happened to the followers of Jesus who were gathered in an upper room at Pentecost?

a. They saw Jesus ascend into heaven
b. They saw the resurrected Jesus
c. They received the Holy Spirit of God
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

72. Who is known as the Apostle to the Gentiles?

a. Paul
b. Peter
c. John
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

73. Which of the following councils affirmed the Nicene Creed?

a. Nicaea
b. Ephesus
c. Chalcedon
d. Constantinople
e. None of the above

74. Which of these reformers contributed immensely to the development of democracy and to the churches we know as Reformed, Presbyterian, and Congregational?

a. John Hus
b. Martin Luther
c. John Calvin
d. John Wycliffe
e. Michael Servetus

75. The first woman to be ordained to the Christian ministry in American is _______.

a. Mother Elizabeth Ann Seton
b. Mother Anne Lee
c. Phoebe Palmer
d. Frances Willard
e. Antoinette Brown

76. The founder of the Shaker movement is _______.

a. Mother Elizabeth Ann Seton
b. Mother Anne Lee
c. Phoebe Palmer
d. Frances Willard
e. Antoinette Brown
77. The founder of the Sisters of Charity (the first American Roman Catholic religious order) and often called the mother of the Catholic parochial school system, who was beatified in 1963 is _______.

a. Mother Elizabeth Ann Seton
b. Mother Anne Lee
c. Phoebe Palmer
d. Frances Willard
e. Antoinette Brown

78. Who wrote The Way of Holiness and Faith and Its Effects?

a. Mother Elizabeth Ann Seton
b. Mother Anne Lee
c. Phoebe Palmer
d. Frances Willard
e. Antoinette Brown

79. Who graduated from Oberlin College, the first to admit women to its degree-granting programs?

a. Mother Elizabeth Ann Seton
b. Mother Anne Lee
c. Phoebe Palmer
d. Frances Willard
e. Antoinette Brown

80. Which is the second most sacred city in Islam?

a. Jerusalem
b. Mecca
c. Medina
d. Cairo
e. None of the above

81. Which of the following is Muhammad’s daughter?

a. Aisha
b. Fatima
c. Khadija
d. Rabi’a
e. None of the above

82. Which of the following is Muhammad’s first wife?

a. Aisha
b. Fatima
c. Khadija
d. Rabi’a
e. None of the above

83. The name of God in Islam is _______.

a. QurÆan
b. Allah
c. Muezzin
d. Minaret
e. Mosque

84. In Islam, the name of their holy book is _______.

a. Qur’an
b. Allah
c. Muezzin
d. Minaret
e. Mosque

85. In Islam, the call to prayer is made by a _______.

a. Qur’an
b. Allah
c. Muezzin
d. Minaret
e. Mosque

86. In Islam, worship takes place in a _______.

a. Qur’an
b. Allah
c. Muezzin
d. Minaret
e. Mosque

87. What is the purpose of the Qur’an?

a. To proclaim the oneness and sovereignty of God
b. To develop the philosophy and theology of God
c. To tell the story of God and God’s people
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

88. The term used to denote the law in Islam is _______.

a. Shirk
b. Shari’a
c. Hadith
d. Jihad
e. Hajj

89. The term used to denote holy war in Islam is _______.

a. Shirk
b. Shari’a
c. Hadith
d. Jihad
e. Hajj

90. The successors to Muhammad are called _______.

a. Imam
b. Mahdi
c. King
d. Vizier
e. Caliph

91. What is the Sufi term for spiritual teachers and masters?

a. Fana
b. Wilaya
c. Dhikr/Wird
d. Shaykh/Pir/Murshid
e. Qutb

92. What is the Sufi term for the complete passing away of the separate individual self to God?

a. Fana
b. Wilaya
c. Dhikr/Wird
d. Shaykh/Pir/Murshid
e. Qutb

93. What is the Sufi term for sainthood?

a. Fana
b. Wilaya
c. Dhikr/Wird
d. Shaykh/Pir/Murshid
e. Qutb

94. Which group or person helped topple Shah Muhammad Pahlavi?

a. Ba’ath Party
b. Wahhabi Sect
c. Muammar al-Qaddafi
d. Kemel Ataturk
e. Ayatollah Khomeini