Question

Introduction

BIO100

Biology Concepts

Lesson 6, Test 1 Part 2

Question

1 of 50

Which of the following is a measure of disorder?

Conservation of energy

Entropy

Respiration

Kinetic energy

Potential energy

Question

2 of 50

Glucose molecules provide energy to power the swimming motion of sperm. In this example, what type of energy transformation is taking place?

kinetic energy is transformed into potential energy

chemical energy is transformed into potential energy

kinetic energy is transformed into chemical energy

chemical energy is transformed into kinetic energy

none of the above

Question

3 of 50

Which of the following directly provides energy for cellular work?

Fat

ATP

DNA

Sucrose

C6H12O6

Question

4 of 50

Energy is transferred from ATP to other molecules by transferring which of the following?

heat unit

adenosine

phosphate group

photon

spring

Question

5 of 50

What is the name for specialized proteins that cause metabolic reactions to proceed at a faster rate than they normally would occur?

Enzymes

Fatty Acids

Amino Acids

Polysaccharides

Nucleic Acids

Question

6 of 50

What does an enzyme’s function depend on?

size

weight

temperature

shape

pH

Question

7 of 50

What is the name for the region of an enzyme to which a substrate binds?

enzymatic

substrate

active

denatured

conformational

Question

8 of 50

What is the name for substances that plug up an enzyme’s active site?

induced fit factors

enzyme products

enzyme substrates

reactants

enzyme inhibitors

Question

9 of 50

Diffusion is an example of which of the following?

active transport

endocytosis

exocytosis

passive transport

phagocytosis

Question

10 of 50

Which of the following is the best description of osmosis?

Endocytosis

Active transport of substances against a concentration gradient.

The diffusion of nonpolar molecules.

The diffusion of a solute.

The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Question

11 of 50

Which of the following statements describes the movement of water as a result of osmosis?

Movement to the side with lower water concentration.

Movement to the side with lower solute concentration.

No movement across the cell membrane.

Equal movement in both directions across the membrane.

Movement to the side with higher water concentration.

Question

12 of 50

Which of the following statements is true about diffusion?

It is a process that only occurs at the cellular level.

It occurs when particles spread from an area of lesser concentration to an area of higher concentration.

It requires an input of energy.

It proceeds until equilibrium is reached.

It is the result of potential energy from atoms.

Question

13 of 50

Which of the following will occur to a plant cell if it is placed in a hypotonic solution?

it will pump out excess water

it will undergo plasmolysis

it will swell (become turgid)

it will shrink

it will burst

Question

14 of 50

Which of the following processes results in the net movement of a substance into a cell when, the substance is more concentrated INSIDE the cell than OUTSIDE the cell?

Plasmolysis

Osmosis

Facilitated diffusion

Active transport

Diffusion

Question

15 of 50

Which of the following statements is TRUE about active transport?

Solutes are moved against their concentration gradient.

It can involve the transport of ions.

The cell must expend energy.

ATP is used as an energy source.

all of the above

Question

16 of 50

What is the process called when a white blood cell engulf a bacterium?

osmosis

diffusion

receptor-mediated endocytosis

phagocytosis

pinocytosis

Question

17 of 50

Which of the following is the correct equation for photosynthesis?

6 CO2 + 6 H2O  C6H12O6 + 6 O2

6 O2 + 6 H2O  C6H12O6 + 6 CO2

6 CO2 + 6 O2  C6H12O6 + 6 H2O

6 CO2 + 6 H2O + 6 O2  C6H12O6

C6H12O6 + 6 O2  6 CO2 + 6 H2O

Question

18 of 50

The products of photosynthesis serve as the reactants for which of the following processes?

global warming

cell division

pH balance

nuclear fusion

cellular respiration

Question

19 of 50

Which of the following absorbs light during photosynthesis?

chloroplast

vacuole

nucleus

mitochondrion

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question

20 of 50

Through what structure(s) do plants obtain most of their water?

Roots

Interior cells

Stems

Leaves

Stomata

Question

21 of 50

What name is given to the membranous sacs found within a chloroplast?

Vesicles

Thylakoids

Stroma

Reaction centers

Cristae

Question

22 of 50

Which of the following converts light energy into chemical energy (sugars) through the process of photosynthesis?

flagella

bonds

chloroplasts

mitochondria

ribosomes

Question

23 of 50

The light reactions of photosynthesis convert ______ energy to ______ energy.

ATP; NADPH

chemical; electrical

solar; chemical

electrical; solar

proton gradient; chemical

Question

24 of 50

What is the role of NADP+ in photosynthesis?

It is an electron carrier.

It captures sunlight.

It fixes water.

It splits water.

It reflects sunlight.

Question

25 of 50

What is the function of the Calvin cycle?

To oxidize glucose.

To make sugar

To capture sunlight.

To produce carbon dioxide (COTo produce carbon dioxide (CO2)

To split water.

Question

26 of 50

Which of the following is an end product of photosynthesis?

sunlight

helium

glucose

water

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Question

27 of 50

Which of the following is a true statement regarding a green leaf?

The leaf is green because the pigments are excited.

The leaf is green because the pigments absorb wavelengths of light in the green spectrum.

The leaf is green because the green wavelengths have been used and discarded by the pigmented object.

The leaf is green because they have interacted with sunlight.

The leaf is green because the pigments reflect wavelengths of light in the green spectrum.

Question

28 of 50

If a plant appears blue, what wavelength of light is being reflected?

Blue

Orange

Yellow

Green

Red

Question

29 of 50

What name is given to a fixed quantity of light energy?

Photon

Spectrum

Phaser

Quantum

Wavelength

Question

30 of 50

What is one reason why plants have accessory pigment molecules, like chlorophyll b and carotenoids?

To absorb energy in the electromagnetic spectrum that chlorophyll a cannot

chlorophyll a gets burnt out by intense summer sunlight

plants cannot make enough chlorophyll a

To reflect more energy

To give them different colors

Question

31 of 50

What compound is found at the reaction center of a photosystem?

Carotenoids

Chlorophyll c

Chlorophyll a

Chlorophyll b

Phycobilins

Question

32 of 50

Which of the following is true about chlorophyll b?

It transfers light energy to chlorophyll a.

absorbs green light.

It reverses the affects of chlorophyll a.

participates directly in the light reactions.

All of the above.

Question

33 of 50

When a molecule absorbs a photon, one of its electrons is raised to which state?

energetic

higher

excited

ground

quantum

Question

34 of 50

Which of the following is found in both cellular respiration and in the light reactions of photosynthesis?

electron transport chain

Calvin cycle

fermentation

glycolysis

citric acid cycle

Question

35 of 50

What are the end products of cellular respiration?

water H2O only

carbon dioxide (CO2) only

water (H2O) and glucose (C6H12O6)

glucose (C6H12O6) only

water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2)

Question

36 of 50

Which of these equations describes aerobic cellular respiration?

Glucose + lactose galactose + water

Energy + carbon dioxide + water  glucose + oxygen + water

Glucose  lactic acid + energy

Glucose + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water + energy

Glucose  ethyl alcohol + carbon dioxide + energy

Question

37 of 50

Which of the following is required in an aerobic process?

ATP

carbohydrates

oxygen

light

carbon dioxide

Question

38 of 50

Which of the following energy pathways is found in every living organism?

glycolysis

citric acid cycle

lactic acid fermentation

alcoholic fermentation

oxidative phosphorylation

Question

39 of 50

Which of the following is the main metabolic pathway in animals?

anaerobic respiration

lactic acid fermentation

alcoholic fermentation

aerobic respiration

photosynthesis

Question

40 of 50

Which of the following is the correct sequence of stages in cellular respiration?

Citric acid cycle, electron transport, glycolysis

Citric acid cycle, glycolysis, electron transport

Glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron transport

Electron transport, citric acid cycle, glycolysis

Electron transport, glycolysis, citric acid cycle

Question

41 of 50

One molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of which of the following?

pyruvic acid

lactic acid

O2

ethyl alcohol

NAD+

Question

42 of 50

ATP is produced during

glycolysis.

the electron transport chain.

citric acid cycle

A and B above.

A, B, and C above.

Question

43 of 50

Which stage of cellular respiration yields the greatest number of ATP molecules?

fermentation

electron transport

the number is equal for all three stages

glycolysis

citric acid cycle

Question

44 of 50

What occurs in redox reactions?

cells reproduce

enzymes catalyze reactions

materials move through the plasma membrane

electrons are lost from one substance and added to another substance

isotopes form

Question

45 of 50

Where in the cell do the citric acid cycle and electron transport take place?

ribosomes

chloroplasts

cytoplasm

mitochondria

nucleus

Question

46 of 50

Aerobic cellular respiration generates how many molecules of ______ ATP from one molecule of glucose?

12

38

6

2

1

Question

47 of 50

The term anaerobic means ______.

without CO2

without bacteria

without ATP

without O2

with O2

Question

48 of 50

How many molecules of ATP are produced from 1 molecule of glucose during anaerobic respiration?

4

38

10

2

36

Question

49 of 50

Which of the following processes occurs under anaerobic conditions?

The electron transport chain

the citric acid cycle

the Krebs cycle

fermentation

Conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl CoA

Question

50 of 50

What product does yeast produce under anaerobic conditions?

Ethyl alcohol

Creatine

Lactic acid

Glucosamine

Pyruvic acid