Observation Papers are short papers that relate to the weeks topic/concepts. OPs are not a summary of the readings. They should go beyond a simply summary. They should reflect your observations of the course material. The observations could be based on your own personal experiences or those of your friends, or it could be based on something you heard about in the news or something you read about in another class, or in the popular press. Your observations could be used to illustrate points in the weekly readings, or they could critique or extend the arguments given in the readings. Alternatively, you could relate to the weeks topic or assigned readings in other ways. I am relatively open regarding the manner in which an OP connects to the topic, as long as it reflects your observations from outside our classroom and ties them to the course material.There is no need for the OP to address all aspects of all the readingsfocus on whatever interests you. The goal of the paper is to motivate you to think about the weeks topic and thus deepen your understanding of it, and depth is more important than breadth. In other words, pick one small aspect of the readings for the week and explore it outside of the classroom. Do not try to pick an entire chapter, as this is too broad to cover effectively in two pages.OPs are limited to two standard pages (not including references). If you refer to your personal experiences, please use pseudonyms when discussing them, irrespective of whether what you say is positive or negative. A grade of zero will be assigned to papers that are late, simply summarize the readings, do not clearly demonstrate adequate thought about the topic, or involve material from a previous discussion or week.Each student will submit two OPs. They may be submitted anytime during the course but the second one must be submitted by Oct 6. Only one OP may be submitted a week, and it must be submitted before the topic is discussed for that week. In other words you are not permitted to use the class discussion as the basis of your OP. However, you may choose to share some of the contents of your OP with the class in the weekly discussion