1. Write two paragraphs (no more than 2-page total), where you outline the major differences in contact-induced change (i.e. borrowing/interference) in shift and maintenance situations. That is, in the first paragraph, characterize the common patterns found in borrowing phenomena in language maintenance and in the second paragraph, note the tendencies related to inference in shifting situations.

2. In one page discuss the major issues related to long distance genetic relationship. What are the problems that must be overcome? And how can we overcome them?