Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS(/MS)) instruments ( assignments)
– Please who will work in this paper must be have knowledge in GC-MS and LC-MS and Forensic toxicology.
– language must be simple and clear without complicated words.
– answer 11 questions with basics.
– any answers please provide references use in pdf or web site.
– Any questions will be welcomed before finish the paper to check the answer that done.
– check the word I will uploaded and I will post the questions here also.
The questions are:
1- Briefly describe the ionisation mechanisms for ESI, APCI and APPI.
– Describe with 150 words for each ( ESI, APCI and APPI). Total 450 words and separated in 3 paragraphs.

2- Briefly describe how the following mass analysers filter / separate ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio; ion trap, quadrupole and time-of-flight?
– Describe it in 275 words for the three type please.

3- Explain what isocratic and gradient elution is, include when you may need to use either type of elution and comment on their benefits?
– Explain in 220 words please.

4- Compare reversed phase versus normal chromatography and highlight the main differences between the two types of chromatographic separation?
– Explain in 220 words please.

5- Draw a fully labelled schematic EI ion source diagram?
– Draw

6- Briefly describe the ionisation mechanisms for both EI and CI ?
– 120 words for each EI and CI ( total 240)

7- Explain the importance of air/water checks and tunes in GC/MS ?
– explain in 150 words please.

8- For both positive and negative ionisation give at least two examples of analyte precursor ion adducts that can be formed e.g. [M+?]+
– 100 words.

9- In addition to the notes on your observations during the laboratory, discuss the factors which you have altered and explain the effect they have had on the chromatographic separation?
– The factors that has been altered ( oven temperature, temperature program ramp and inlet mode (splitless/ split). 150 words please

10- Based on its mass spectrum, discuss the use of diazepam-d5 as an internal standard in the analysis of diazepam?
– 50 words.

11- Explain why morphine has to be derivatised prior to analysis by GC/MS.
– 75 words.