Prepare a research paper summarizing the field of construction estimating including career options, responsibilities of estimators, and the characteristics of a successful estimator. Analyze the decision to bid or not bid on projects and discuss what factors must be considered. Compare and contrast the different types of estimates (conceptual, preliminary, and detailed). Discuss external factors affecting the estimation of equipment pricing and how they are handled professionally. Explain how a detailed estimate is created for excavation/site work and concrete.

Support the paper with research from the online course material, text, and outside sources if necessary. Properly cite all sources using the APA format.