ECOSYSTEMS

Climate change will impact many different sectors, ecosystems around the world. Some people will win more than others and the costs of climate change are not equally distributed around the world. Those who contributed the most to climate change, may not necessarily be the ones who will be most adversely affected.
Your choice of essay is MASAI (KENYA) CATTLE FARMER, google online (some links are posted below) and discuss how MASAI (KENYA) CATTLE FARMER will be affected by climate change. Think outside the box, think about linkages that may not necessarily seem obvious.Discuss on the online forum your thoughts.

Ecosystems
Choose a biome and discuss its general properties. How does climate partially determine its characteristics? Briefly what might occur in this system as climate changes? How does this effect endemic versus cosmopolitan species? Discuss the types of services humans take from this biome and the effects of this on ecosystem function.

Grading will be strict in terms of references. Only use juried sources such as those from Google Scholar or Web of Science. PLEASE USE MINIMUM 3 REFERENCES

REFERENCES HAVE TO FOLLOW THIS AT THE END:
References: Appropriate references are typically considered to stem from juried (reviewed) literature. This means that the work should have been reviewed and published in scientific or engineering journals. Citing textbooks is allowed when documenting well known techniques and or solutions to specific mathematical problems. In general, it is not appropriate to quote a text book when the object is to refer to a specific piece of work in the juried literature. Instead it the original work should be cited. A text may be cited when it provides an overview of an entire field. The discussion should still quote the individual works that are pertinent to the discussion in the homework. A final note on textbooks is that they are usually out of date, therefore the newest juried literature is the place to start on homework.
When providing a reader with a reference list a good ?rule of thumb? is to quote the most up to date references on the topic, a few of the major contributions on the issues, and the original work on the problem. Be explicit in discussing the role of each of the works cited in framing the conclusions in your paper. This is very important in documenting what you have added to our understanding of the problem with your own analysis. In other words carefully documenting what you have added.
Citations should appear in the text. While modern word processing has made it easy to use footnotes, you should use the authors? names and the date for their work in the text. Single authors should appear as Smith (2001) if you are discussing the work outright in the sentence. If the citation is just to provide a source for further research by the reader, the citation usually appears at the end of the discussion as (Smith, 2001). In general, in scientific papers page numbers are not given in the text. For two authors, both are provided, i.e. Smith and Jones (2008). For three or more authors make use of the Latin et al., i.e. Jones et al. (2010). Again these should be worked into the narrative when you are actually discussing a work or placed in parenthesis if you are just supplying references for the reader to go to for further information.
The reference section of your work should provide the reader all the information needed to find the work. In science the common widely used style is that of the American Chemical Society. There are a number of other formats also. Typically one must conform to a specific style of reference to comply with specific journals for publication. The important issue is to be consistent with a specific style. In the literature there are various templates for references. Any will be accepted for homework as long as they are consistently followed. Here are a set of examples:
Haywood, A.M., P. J. Valdes, and B. W. Sellwood. 2000. Global scale paleoclimate reconstruction of the middle Pliocene climate using the UKMO GCM: Initial results. Global and Planet. Change, 25, 239-256.
Fiedler, P. C. and L. P. Talley 2006. Hydrography of the eastern tropical Pacific: A review. Prog. Oceanogr., 69, 143-180.

Ecosystems
Choose a biome and discuss its general properties. How does climate partially determine its characteristics? Briefly what might occur in this system as climate changes? How does this effect endemic versus cosmopolitan species? Discuss the types of services humans take from this biome and the effects of this on ecosystem function.

Grading will be strict in terms of references. Only use juried sources such as those from Google Scholar or Web of Science. PLEASE USE MINIMUM 3 REFERENCES

REFERENCES HAVE TO FOLLOW THIS AT THE END:
References: Appropriate references are typically considered to stem from juried (reviewed) literature. This means that the work should have been reviewed and published in scientific or engineering journals. Citing textbooks is allowed when documenting well known techniques and or solutions to specific mathematical problems. In general, it is not appropriate to quote a text book when the object is to refer to a specific piece of work in the juried literature. Instead it the original work should be cited. A text may be cited when it provides an overview of an entire field. The discussion should still quote the individual works that are pertinent to the discussion in the homework. A final note on textbooks is that they are usually out of date, therefore the newest juried literature is the place to start on homework.
When providing a reader with a reference list a good ?rule of thumb? is to quote the most up to date references on the topic, a few of the major contributions on the issues, and the original work on the problem. Be explicit in discussing the role of each of the works cited in framing the conclusions in your paper. This is very important in documenting what you have added to our understanding of the problem with your own analysis. In other words carefully documenting what you have added.
Citations should appear in the text. While modern word processing has made it easy to use footnotes, you should use the authors? names and the date for their work in the text. Single authors should appear as Smith (2001) if you are discussing the work outright in the sentence. If the citation is just to provide a source for further research by the reader, the citation usually appears at the end of the discussion as (Smith, 2001). In general, in scientific papers page numbers are not given in the text. For two authors, both are provided, i.e. Smith and Jones (2008). For three or more authors make use of the Latin et al., i.e. Jones et al. (2010). Again these should be worked into the narrative when you are actually discussing a work or placed in parenthesis if you are just supplying references for the reader to go to for further information.
The reference section of your work should provide the reader all the information needed to find the work. In science the common widely used style is that of the American Chemical Society. There are a number of other formats also. Typically one must conform to a specific style of reference to comply with specific journals for publication. The important issue is to be consistent with a specific style. In the literature there are various templates for references. Any will be accepted for homework as long as they are consistently followed. Here are a set of examples:
Haywood, A.M., P. J. Valdes, and B. W. Sellwood. 2000. Global scale paleoclimate reconstruction of the middle Pliocene climate using the UKMO GCM: Initial results. Global and Planet. Change, 25, 239-256.
Fiedler, P. C. and L. P. Talley 2006. Hydrography of the eastern tropical Pacific: A review. Prog. Oceanogr., 69, 143-180.