Project instructions:
1. [Please note that these two pdf files contain over 270 pages. I do not expect you to read these in their entirety. Please skim over the Introductions for your
response to the Discussion Board. Parts of these files may come in handy for the final.}
If the anthrax letters proved nothing else, they proved that no matter how national or international an incident appears, response to that incident is local. It
absorbs local resources and local efforts. Management of these events have evolved to a standard (to a degree) with the National Incident Management System and the
response framework that accompanies it. Review the Introductions of both the MNMS and the NFS and, in 2-3 paragraphs, provide an overview of the systems, their
components, missions, and responsibilities. Then assess whether this ideal has been achieved?
NIMS 2011 – Comprehensive Preparedness Guide
https://learn.umuc.edu/content/enforced/21587-013928-01-2145-GO1-
9020/cpg_101_comprehensive_preparedness_guide_developing_and_maintaining_emergency_operations_plans_2010%20(1).pdf?_&d2lSessionVal=yOD3yycvZyNJqeDRkELNlhLsn
NRF – Biological Incident Annex
https://learn.umuc.edu/content/enforced/21587-013928-01-2145-GO1-9020/nrf_BiologicalIncidentAnnex.pdf?_&d2lSessionVal=yOD3yycvZyNJqeDRkELNlhLsn
Optional Information – Link to FEMA’s National Incident Management Website
http://www.fema.gov/national-incident-management-system
2. Raber’s National Framework and Consequence Management Guidance Following a Biological Attack”.
https://learn.umuc.edu/content/enforced/21587-013928-01-2145-GO1-9020/The%20National%20Framework%20and%20Consequence%20Management%20Guidance%20Following%20a
%20Biological%20Attack_A.pdf?_&d2lSessionVal=yOD3yycvZyNJqeDRkELNlhLsn
After an incident, many consider the law enforcement response as well as that of public health. But just as important is the clean up activities needed to return the
environment to pre-incident conditions. Tony Intrepido led the clean-up team after the anthrax attacks. He discussed these efforts in a recent interview. In addition,
concern for clean up is included in Raber’s National Framework and Consequence Management Guidance Following a Biological Attack”. After reading both answer the
following: What are the challenges involved in biological attack clean-up? How is that done? How was it done after the anthrax incident? Do Raber et al (2011) include
the suggestions identified in Intrepido’s interview? If not do you think there has been real improvement/change since 2001?

Discussion Board

1.

The tornadoes that hit the southeastern US in April 2011 were devastating in terms of loss of human lives and destruction of infrastructure. Tornadoes are not uncommon in parts of the US, especially from April through June, but why was the system of tornadoes that hit the southeast so powerful that it has been called the “perfect storm” by some meteorologists? What factors do you think combined to make the recent southeastern tornadoes a “perfect storm” of destruction (hint: more than the usual suite of factors occurred)? Was this an unusual event or do tornadoes of this extent and intensity occur more often than we realize?

2.

Let’s assume that the debate over global warming is done and that society has accepted it as reality and that we need to do something about it – but what? Other than curbing greenhouse emissions from fossil fuels (i.e., don’t focus solely on greenhouse gases as your main post), some think that we as a society must plan now for future changes in the Earth’s climate and ecosystems to avoid catastrophes. Do you think it’s really possible to adequately prepare for future climate change when that change may be decades (or more, or less) in the future? Why or why not? Be specific with details to support your argument. Are there any specific steps you would take to plan for future climate change? Try to think big and bold (e.g., go beyond recycling and other local, but useful, activities) but realistic.

Discussion Board

1.

The tornadoes that hit the southeastern US in April 2011 were devastating in terms of loss of human lives and destruction of infrastructure. Tornadoes are not uncommon in parts of the US, especially from April through June, but why was the system of tornadoes that hit the southeast so powerful that it has been called the “perfect storm” by some meteorologists? What factors do you think combined to make the recent southeastern tornadoes a “perfect storm” of destruction (hint: more than the usual suite of factors occurred)? Was this an unusual event or do tornadoes of this extent and intensity occur more often than we realize?

2.

Let’s assume that the debate over global warming is done and that society has accepted it as reality and that we need to do something about it – but what? Other than curbing greenhouse emissions from fossil fuels (i.e., don’t focus solely on greenhouse gases as your main post), some think that we as a society must plan now for future changes in the Earth’s climate and ecosystems to avoid catastrophes. Do you think it’s really possible to adequately prepare for future climate change when that change may be decades (or more, or less) in the future? Why or why not? Be specific with details to support your argument. Are there any specific steps you would take to plan for future climate change? Try to think big and bold (e.g., go beyond recycling and other local, but useful, activities) but realistic.