Choose ONE of the questions below for each essay.
1. During the decades that followed the end of the Second World War it became apparent that there existed divided views as to the nature and purpose of criminology. This divide was between those who viewed it as an applied discipline compared with those who sought to develop a critical and theoretical approach. Examine the values and research approach of these two perspectives.

2. Explore the main values and concerns of those who attended the National Deviancy Conferences, the first of which was in 1968.

3. Examine the main arguments made in Taylor, Walton & Young’s The New Criminology (1973).

4. Critical criminology draws on a variety of theoretical ideas. Identify key work/texts produced by critical criminologists during the 1970s and early 1980s and explain what theoretical ideas informed their analysis.

5. Examine the explanations offered by scholars associated with the Birmingham School for the emergence of different youth cultures during the 1960s and 1970s.

6. During the 1960s and 1970s a number of feminist perspectives emerged which, to varying extents, challenged ‘malestream’ criminology. Examine their respective criticisms of criminology.

7. Examine the implications of the libertarian ideas that informed the Conservative Government’s crime policies during the 1980s.

8. Analyse the reasons why new right criminologists replaced the ‘war on poverty’ with a ‘war on crime’.