components of an attitude

1) What are the three components of an attitude?
A) cognitive, behavioral, and dissonance
B) cognitive, affective, and behavioral
C) dissonant, affective, and behavioral
D) behavioral, affective, and dissonance

2) Which of the following is TRUE of workplace discrimination?
A) The discriminators are always aware of their action toward the victim.
B) Discrimination occurs more at lower levels in the organization than higher levels.
C) It may lead to reduced productivity and citizenship behavior.
D) Only intentional discrimination is addressed by diversity management efforts.

3) The ability to understand, communicate with, motivate, and support other people, both individually and in groups, may be defined as ________ .
A) human skills
B) analytical skills
C) technical skills
D) conceptual skills

4) What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of “E or I” stand for?
A) extroverted/intuitive
B) emotional/introverted
C) extroverted/introverted
D) emotional/intuitive

5. Amr feels disheartened because he was not selected for the student exchange program in Amsterdam. Which component of an attitude does Amr’s feeling represent?
A) cognitive component
B) behavioral component
C) affective component
D) cognitive dissonance

6) According to Hofstede, people in cultures with ________ value thrift, persistence, and tradition.
A) low uncertainty avoidance
B) low power distance
C) short-term orientation
D) long-term orientation

7) Joe is dissatisfied with his job. He responds to this dissatisfaction by discussing his problems with his manager. Which response is he using?
A) loyalty response.
B) neglect response.
C) exit response.
D) voice response.

8) Valerie invariably uses rationale to make decisions for project implementation. She believes that the right decisions can be made only through analysis. Each time she needs to make a decision, she weighs all options before taking action. Which of the following is Sinclair’s personality type according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification?
A) intuitive
B) thinking
C) introverted
D) judging

9) What sort of actions are most likely to be attributed to external causes?
A) actions that have high distinctiveness, high consensus and high consistency
B) actions that have high distinctiveness, high consensus and low consistency
C) actions that have low distinctiveness, low consensus and low consistency
D) actions that have low distinctiveness, low consistency and high consensus

10) Your rating in a job interview is high in contrast to the candidate who was interviewed directly before you, who was rated extremely low. Your own high rating might be partially attributed to which of the following?
A) the halo effect
B) selective perception
C) stereotyping
D) the contrast effect

11) An OB study would be LEAST likely to focus on which of the following problems?
A) an increase in absenteeism at a certain company
B) a fall in productivity in one shift of a manufacturing plant
C) a decrease in sales due to growing foreign competition
E) excessive turnover in volunteer workers at a non-profit organization

12. Jane is the best performer on her team and often gets the highest number of corporate accounts for the company. However, she feels that she does not get sufficient credit for her hard work. During lunch, she says to her colleague, “I have been getting the largest accounts for the bank for the past eight months. Yet, my manager never acknowledges the kind of effort I put in to get these accounts.” Which component of attitude is being demonstrated by Jane?
A) cognitive component
B) behavioral component
C) affective component
D) cognitive dissonance

13) Whenever Jane is successful she takes full credit for what has happened, but whenever she is unsuccessful she attributes her failure to bad luck or blames one of her fellow employees. She is guilty of ________.
A) the fundamental attribution error
B) the self-serving bias
C) the halo effect
D) none of the above

14) According to Hofstede, cultures that score ________ tend to emphasize laws and regulations.
A) high on power distance
B) high on uncertainty avoidance
C) high on masculinity
D) high on humane orientation

15) David has the opinion that people who drive SUVs are dangerous drivers. He often perceives that people driving SUVs are doing so in a dangerous manner, even when other observers can see nothing wrong with the behavior of the SUV drivers. What factor in David is affecting his perception in this case?
A) his interests
B) his experiences
C) his expectations
D) his motives

16) The gender differentiation cultural dimension identified by GLOBE is the equivalent of which of Hofstede’s dimensions?
A) power distance
B) uncertainty avoidance
C) masculinity-femininity
D) individualism-collectivism

17) Which of the following is most likely to be related to reduced absences and lower resignation rates?
A) high job involvement
B) low organizational commitment
C) low psychological empowerment
D) high cognitive dissonance

18) Which of the following is NOT a moderating variable of the attitude-behavior relationship?
A) direct experience
B) correspondence to behavior
C) power
D) accessibility

19) Mary has an opening for a position requiring the individual to demonstrate considerable adaptability in adjusting their behavior by reading external cues. She should identify the employee with a(n) ________ for a good fit.
A) high self-monitoring tendency
B) low self-monitoring tendency
C) internal locus of control
D) external locus of control

20) What term is used for the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgments about the behavior of others?
A) fundamental attribution error
B) self-serving bias
C) selective perception
D) horn effect
21) Which of the following statements about people with positive core self-evaluations is true?
A) They set goals which are easily obtainable.
B) They tend to be more committed to their goals.
C) They seldom persist to reach their goals.
D) They view themselves as powerless over their environment.

22) A difference in ________ would indicate deep-level diversity.
A) values
B) gender
C) age
D) ethnicity

23) The degree to which employees believe the organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being is known as
A) employee engagement.
B) job involvement.
C) job satisfaction.
D) perceived organizational support.

24) Which of the following cultural dimensions identified by GLOBE does not have an equivalent in Hofstede?
A) performance orientation
B) power distance
C) future orientation
D) individualism/collectivism

25) When one “throws good money after bad,” which judgment bias is present?
A) escalation of commitment
B) hindsight
C) anchoring
D) overconfidence

26) Thurman Inc., a manufacturing company in Vermont, needs to hire employees for their new office in the city. The positions require the employees to travel across the country regularly. The management has specified that they are looking for employees below the age of 40 who are young and dynamic. Which of the following beliefs is the management most likely to hold?
A) Younger workers have more experience.
B) Younger workers have stronger work ethics.
C) Younger workers are more flexible to change.
D) Younger workers are more committed to quality.

27) You wish to predict how strong organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is in each of your employees. Which of the big five personality traits will have the highest correlation?
A) conscientiousness
B) agreeableness
C) extraversion
D) emotional stability

28) What do we call the tendency for people to base their judgments on information that they can easily obtain?
A) representative bias
B) anchoring bias
C) confirmation bias
D) availability bias

29) Which of the following terms best describes people who identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs?
A) high Mach
B) high self-esteem
C) proactive personalities
D) extroverts

30) Shortcuts in judging others include all of the following except ________.
A) stereotyping
B) halo effect
C) selective perception
D) self-serving bias
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