Topic: Complete the questions after reading the document

Paper details:

Please read the attached report and fill out the questions that follow it…
• Situation:You are a detachment commander assigned in the 10th Mountain Division [Light Infantry]. Your unit is deployed to the fledging Republic of Paldora in South America, where the Brazilian Civil War destroyed most businesses and industries. Your unit is to conduct localized stabilization and reconstruction (S&R) activities associated with broader Army stability operations, and to assist the Paldorans in the maintenance and development of democratic institutions. Paldora is a new country that emerged after economic and political turmoil resulted in the disintegration of Brazil. Approximately the size of New England, it is large in area but has a small population. Much of the country is covered by the Amazon rain forest.
Prior to movement to your assigned area of operations, you receive the following message from your Brigade Commander:
(U) THIS IS A NATION-BUILDING MISSION. WE ARE HERE TO ASSIST THE PALDORANS IN BUILDING AND MODERNIZING THEIR COUNTRY. IN ORDER TO SUCCEED, WE HAVE TO INCREASE THE STANDARD OF LIVING FOR THE COMMON PALDORAN. THIS MEANS EVERYTHING FROM BUILDING SCHOOLS TO GIVING INOCULATIONS. WORK THROUGH THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS IN YOUR AREA. WE NEED TO SHOW THAT THEY ARE IN CHARGE AND THAT WE ARE WORKING WITH THEM. I DON’T WANT TO GIVE THE PEOPLE THE IMPRESSION THAT WE ARE DOWN HERE FOR ANY OTHER REASON THAN TO HELP THEIR OWN GOVERNMENT.
(U) ONE OF THE THINGS YOU HAVE TO BE PARTICULARLY AWARE OF IS THE FACT THAT THE PALDORANS ARE A VERY MIXED BUNCH. PART OF THE POPULATION CONSISTS OF A WELL-TO-DO MIDDLE CLASS THAT WOULD FIT INTO OUR CULTURE WITH EASE. OTHER PARTS OF THE COUNTRY ARE LESS ADVANCED. THE HIGHLANDS HAVE A LARGE POPULATION OF PEOPLE WE MIGHT CALL SUPERSTITIOUS PEASANTS. THE POPULATION OF THE RAIN FOREST CONSISTS OF TRIBES WHO ARE NOT ALL THAT FAR REMOVED FROM THE PRIMITIVE HUNTER-GATHERER SOCIETY. WHATEVER YOUR SECTOR IS, IT IS IMPORTANT FOR YOU TO GET A FEEL FOR THE CUSTOMS AND BELIEFS OF THE LOCALS. BECAUSE OF THE SIZE OF THE AREA AND THE DIFFERENCES IN PEOPLE AND CULTURE, YOU WILL HAVE TO USE YOUR BEST JUDGMENT IN MAKING DECISIONS THAT WILL AFFECT THE OVERALL SUCCESS OF THE MISSION. I HAVE THE UTMOST CONFIDENCE IN YOUR ABILITIES.
The brigade intelligence officer (S2) provides the following report:
The tribe that populates your area of operations is the Tini. The outside world knew little about them prior to 1998. It is only in the past five years that they have been exposed to the outside world. Prior to that, they lived deep in the rain forest. In 1998, Brazil launched massive lumber projects in the heart of the Tini lands that initiated contact with the Tini people.
The tribe consists of 6,327 men, women, and children. For the most part, they are a peaceful society that has adapted quickly to the outside world. Although generally peaceful, they have a reputation for being relentless enemies when wronged. Neighboring tribes call their warriors the “ghosts that seek vengeance” because of their ability to move through the forest undetected.
The Tini are a deeply religious people who place great value on ritual and tradition. Both their religion and society place an emphasis on promoting the welfare of the society over the individual. Many consider Tini society a theocracy because the tribal chiefs function as civil, military, and spiritual leaders. Their power derives from their special relationship with the gods. The world of the Tini is in perpetual danger of destruction from the forces of evil, led by the serpent god, Balzaar. The constant efforts and sacrifices of Leal (the great, good god) prevent final destruction of the world. Only those who follow in Leal’s footsteps and sacrifice for the common good of society will reap the reward of reincarnation in a higher life form or eternal life with Leal in “ Parva” — the Tini paradise.
This “First Story of Leal” was recently recorded and translated. It explains some of the Tini religious beliefs. In that story, Balzaar is attempting to destroy the world by drying up the earth’s water. Having just finished his second battle against Balzaar, Leal has found a place to rest.
As the great god Leal lay hurt and bleeding from his battle with Balzaar, an old woman appeared with cool water and herbs to treat his wounds. As she finished, the Tochis [demon warriors] of Balzaar appeared and attacked. Although Leal ultimately defeated the demons, one of the Tochis chopped off the leg of the old woman. After the fight, Leal cared for the woman. As he was doing this, the serpent god himself appeared and attacked Leal. Weakened by his wounds, the great god was unable to defend himself and suffered wound after wound from Balzaar’s fierce fangs and mighty ope [war axe]. In one terrific blow the serpent king severed Leal’s sword hand, leaving him defenseless. As the Evil one coiled for the strike that would destroy Leal, a young girl appeared. Without hesitation, she threw herself at Balzaar in an attempt to protect Leal. Infuriated, Balzaar sank his fangs into her throat and then cut her apart with his ope. While the serpent king was distracted, Leal regained his sword and with a mighty swing cut off one of Balzaar’s heads. Howling with rage and pain, the serpent king fled.
Leal then went to the hurt old woman and the body of the young girl. He touched some of his blood to the woman’s leg and healed it, saying, “In helping me you have helped all of mankind. You shall be reborn a great and wise queen.” He then approached the young girl’s body and said, “You who have sacrificed all for mankind shall receive eternal bliss.” He then raised her spirit up to paradise.

After three weeks in sector you are making excellent progress. Your soldiers have already built a small clinic that is providing needed medical aid. They have also begun building a new school and a levee to protect crops from flood damage. Relations with the Tini are good. They appear to be a friendly, generous people who appreciate the soldiers’ efforts to help them. They are a very talkative group, who openly express their feelings and can become very emotional. They have been assisting on all the projects. Although generous to a fault, you notice a problem with pilfering of small items at the work-sites when the Tini are around. Many of the tribes have unofficially adopted members of your unit and provide them with local food.

As the first month ends, you receive an invitation to the “Moon Ceremony.” This religious ceremony signifies the triumph of Leal over Balzaar in their continual struggle. Many members of your detachment also attend. Tribesmen pour into the area for the semi-annual ceremony. After a dinner feast, the actual ceremony occurs. Several warriors lead an elderly woman and young girl to an open area. Amid great ceremony, they reenact the fight of Leal and Balzaar. As the ceremony concludes two of the tribal leaders suddenly step out carrying opes. With practiced blows they kill and dismember the woman and child. Their act brings forth a wave of cheering and chanting from the assembled tribesmen.
Stunned by the sudden change of events, you ask the tribe’s chief for an explanation. He states, “These two have gone to help Leal fight Balzaar. By their willing sacrifice, they ensure the continuation of the cycle of life. Great honor and reward shall they receive in their next life with Leal in eternal paradise.”
As you leave the ceremony, you see the incident has horrified and angered your soldiers. One of them even gets into a brief scuffle with the executioners. Only quick intervention by your senior NCO prevents it from escalating further.
During the night, your senior NCO reports that the soldiers are in an ugly mood. The ceremony disgusted them. The elderly woman had become a particular friend of some members of the company. Rumors are flying that the “Moon Ceremony” lasts for three days, repeating the ritual of sacrifice each day; more people will die tomorrow. The next morning you confirm that the ceremony continues for two more days. More sacrificial ceremonies are scheduled. On your rounds, you hear some soldiers saying, “This is plain wrong,” and “ We have to stop it.” Concerned, you radio higher for guidance, but nothing helpful comes.
As you reflect on your choices, briefly review your task force’s Rules of Engagement.
1. AMERICAN TROOPS HAVE THE RIGHT OF SELF-DEFENSE AT ALL TIMES. THE USE OF DEADLY FORCE IS AUTHORIZED TO PROTECT THE LIVES OF OUR SOLDIERS.
2. DEADLY FORCE IS AUTHORIZED TO PROTECT THE LIVES OF PALDORAN NATIONALS.
3. RIOT CONTROL AGENTS AND WEAPONS CAN BE USED AT THE DISCRETION OF COMPANY/DETACHMENT COMMANDERS.
4. THE USE OF FORCE SHOULD BE A LAST RESORT. WHEN FACED WITH HOSTILE SITUATIONS, SOLDIERS AND UNITS SHOULD FIRST ISSUE VERBAL WARNINGS, THEN USE WARNING SHOTS AND OTHER LESSER PHYSICAL FORCE PRIOR TO USING LETHAL FORCE.

Instructions: Please answer all questions thoroughly with complete thoughts and sentences.

QUESTION 1
1. Based on Richard Lewis’ Culture-Active model, which type culture does the Tini tribe represent?

Linear-Active

Multi-Active

Re-Active

Poly-Active

2. There are a number of specific cues identified in the reading based on the Lewis Culture-Active Model. Identify at least three of these cues that led to your category selection in the first question.
Please use complete sentences to frame your response.

3. Weigh your options as the commander. How should you respond to this sensitive incident? In sentence form, list at least three benefits & three consequences of military intervention related to the Moon Ceremony sacrifice?
4. Carefully considering the benefits & consequences analyzed above, which option do you choose? (Select only one)

Intervention

Non-Intervention
5. Based on your selection, (in at least one paragraph) briefly explain and support your rationale.

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