the political, economic, social and even cultural facets of china all underwent profound transformations during the period from the reign of the qianlong emperor through to the founding of the people’s republic of china. the period from the opium wars(and resulting unequal treaties) through to the liberation of china by the ccp in 1949, is oftenreferred to by historians as china’s centurt of humiliation. while large. iimersonal socio-economic forces played an important role in the shaping of modern china, so too did individual personalities and their ideas. who. or what. played the most important roles in the shaping modern chinese history-macor-level forces or individual people