China is now the world’s largest exporter of industrial goods followed by the United States.  To many commenters Chinese producers are in direct competition with businesses in the US. But are

they?  One way of trying to answer this question is to analyze the product composition of exports from China and compare it with the product composition of exports from the United States.

And the table below shows the value of exports of Manufactures and sub-items of Machinery and transport equipment of both China and United States in 2012.

Read the table below and answer the two questions with illustrations in red.

China    United States

List    Export
(Billion dollars)    Ratio    Export
(Billion dollars)    Ratio
Manufactures    1924.93        1008.04
Office and telecom equipment
539.79
28.04%    140.45
13.93%
EDP and office equipment

227.99
11.84%    50.94
5.05%
Telecommunications equipment
229.47
11.92%    47.96
4.76%
Integrated circuits
82.34
4.28%    41.55

4.12%
Transport equipment
118.50
6.16%    166.04
16.47%
Automotive products
43.11
2.24%    131.98
13.93%
Other transport equipment

75.39
3.92%    34.06
3.38%
Other machinery
306.99
15.95%    225.52
22.37%
Power generating machinery
25.01
1.30%    25.09
2.49%
Non-electrical machinery

127.87
6.64%    137.60
13.65%
Electrical machinery
154.11
8.00%    62.82
6..23%
?    Office and telecom equipment, Transport equipment and Other machinery are sub-items of Machinery and transport equipment which is also a sub-item of Manufacture.

?    EDP and office equipment, Telecommunications equipment and Integrated circuits are sub-items of Office and telecom equipment; Automotive products and Other transport equipment

are sub-items of Transport equipment; Power generating machinery, Non-electrical machinery and Electrical machinery are sub-items of Other machinery

?    The Ratio represents the export of each item account for the percentage of total export of Manufacture.
?    The unit of the value of export is billion dollars.

Questions:
(a)    what if any are the major differences between the product composition of exports China and US (about 150 words)

Answering this question, you should focus on the comparison of the ratios of each main items as well as its sub-item between China and United States.

Tell whether there is any similarity and

them mainly shows the difference between the product compositions of exports.

(b)    By reading some articles can you say why these differences might exist? (about 3000 words )
Answering this question, you should read related articles, news and references to explain the main differences existing in the product composition of exports in China and United States. You can

focus on some items with significant difference.

To explain the differences, first you can slightly tell about the development of globalization (eg. Changes in all types of Tariff barriers and non-tariff barriers). Then, you should put more effect in

discussing the differences in the industry of these items which have huge difference between China and United States. For example, you can explain are the exporting goods of these items the

same between the two countries. If not the same, what are the differences; if the same thing, like their exporting goods are all similar cars, then tell about the differences in manufacturing

circumstance like labor, technologic equipment, supply chain and other resources. Show their differences to support your points of explanation.
( Notes of this course is updated followed, you can find related resources in it).