Explain any topic or question about biology that can be explained through biology

Biology
1. A researcher makes the following statement at a conference: “in our study, we examined whether the quality of light has an effect on the rate of vertical growth in tomato plants”. Is this statement a hypothesis or a prediction? Briefly justify your answer.

2. What is the independent variable in the statement provided in question #1? Briefly explain why.

3. At that same conference, the researcher provides the following statement: “In our experiments, we expect that tomato plants grown under red light will grow taller than tomato plants grown under green light”. Is this statement a hypothesis or a prediction? Briefly explain your answer.

4. According to the phylogeny shown below, choose all the options that indicate a monophyletic group (attached)