Sampling

Order Description

Review the article by Westrom, Maiers, Evans, & Bronfort (2010), and use as the basis of your assignment. In your paper:
•Describe the population being researched in this study.
•Summarize the methods used to identify the sample and recruit participants into the study.
•Compare the study sample to the population. Evaluate whether or not the study sample accurately reflects the population.
•Assess whether or not the study findings can be reliably generalized to the population based on the sampling methods.
•Propose one additional strategy that could have been used in the study to effectively sample the population to ensure the study results are generalizable to the population.

The assignment must be four to five pages in length, excluding the title and reference pages, and formatted according to APA guidelines as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Use at least two scholarly sources, in addition to the workbook article, to support your discussion. The scholarly sources should be from a peer-reviewed journal found in the Ashford University Library.

The Sampling paper
•Must be written in your own words and may not include quotations. Papers including quotes will not be accepted. All content from outside sources must be paraphrased and cited appropriately.
•Must be four to five double-spaced pages in length (not including title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
•Must include a separate title page with the following:
?Title of paper
?Student’s name
?Course name and number
?Instructor’s name
?Date submitted
•Must use at least two scholarly sources in addition to the course text.
•Must include a separate reference page that is formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
MUST USE RESOURCES NO OLDER THAN 5 YEARS. MUST USE TEXTBOOK.

Required Resources

Book Chapter

Hebl, N. & Lane, D. M. (n.d.) Inferential statistics. In Lane, D. M. Online statistics education: An interactive multimedia course of study (Chapter 1.5). Retrieved from https://onlinestatbook.com/2/introduction/inferential.html

World Health Organization and University of Amsterdam. (2004). Sampling. How to Investigate the Use of Medicines by Consumers (Chapter 5). Retrieved from https://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/d/Js6169e/7.html

Articles

Peltzer, K., Preez, N. F., Ramlagan, S., & Fomundam, H. (2008). Use of traditional complementary and alternative medicine for HIV patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. BMC Public Health, 8, 255. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-8-255. Retrieved from the PubMed Central database online at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2503977/
•This article describes a cross-sectional study that assessed the use of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicine for HIV patients prior to initiating antiretroviral therapy in three public hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and is one of the options to use for this week’s assignment.

Suresh, K., Thomas, S. V., and Suresh, G. (2011). Design, data analysis and sampling techniques for clinical research. Annals of Indian Academy Neurology, 14(4), 287-290. Retrieved from the PubMed Central database at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3271469/
•This article explains various sampling methods that can be appropriately used in medical research with different scenarios and challenges.

Westrom, K. K., Maiers, M. J., Evans, R. L., & Bronfort, G. (2010). Individualized chiropractic and integrative care for low back pain: The design of a randomized clinical trial using a mixed-methods approach. Trials, 11, 24. doi:10.1186/1745-6215-11-24. Retrieved from the PubMed Central database at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2841162/
•This article describes a study that aims to determine the relative clinical effectiveness of monodisciplinary chiropractic care and multidisciplinary integrative care in adults with non-acute low back pain, and is one of the options to use for this week’s assignment.

Website

Herek, G. M. (2012). A brief introduction to sampling. Retrieved from https://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/html/fact_sample.html
•This article provides an overview of sampling and how it is applied to health research.

Recommended Resources

Article

Chaturvedi, N. & McKeigue, P. M. (1994). Methods for epidemiological surveys of ethnic minority groups. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 48(2), 107-111. doi:10.1136/jech.48.2.107
•This article reviews the available sources of mortality and morbidity data in the UK, and assesses their uses and limitations for research involving ethnic minority groups.

Multimedia

Chaturvedi, K. (n.d.) Sampling methods [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from www.pitt.edu/~super7/43011-44001/43911.ppt
•This slideshow provides an overview of the reasons for sampling, sampling methods, differences between probability and non-probability sampling, and advantages and disadvantages of the different methods.

Websites

The Pennsylvania State University. (2015). Stat 100: Statistical concepts and reasoning. Retrieved from https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat100/
•Lesson 3.2: The beauty of sampling. Retrieved from https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat100/node/16
•Lesson 3.4: Relationship between sample size and margin of error. Retrieved from https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat100/node/17
•Lesson 3.5: Simple random sampling and other sampling methods. Retrieved from https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat100/node/18

Based on the feedback you received on your submission from last week, submit a revised draft of your paper with this additional information:

I uploaded the first paper

Five additional references that could be used for your research paper and include a 1-2 sentence description for each of the five additional references, explaining how they fit with the research topic and the research question proposed. Make sure that these references come from scholarly sources using library resources.

A very detailed outline of what you would like to cover in the intro/lit review of your paper. Write it as an outline and think about what you want each paragraph or section to cover. Paste your references into each section where the information from that article applies to the topic. Below is an example of the outline although the references have not been pasted in yet:

Introduction or Statement of the Problem (e.g. Predictors of Depression in Men)

Research question (E.g. What factors predict depression in men? For example, age, marital status, family history, stressors).
Why is it important/implications (E.g. xx% of men are depressed; less likely to seek treatment; if we can identify who is at risk, may be able to direct them to treatment sooner)
Revised hypothesis based on feedback from the instructor

Review of the Literature (the following is an example for above topic):

Brief description of depression, symptoms, and any unique symptoms for men (Cite articles from which you will obtain this information).
How widespread is it? Stats on depression in general but also stats on depression in men (Cite articles from which you will obtain this information).
List factors that put men at risk for depression (Cite articles).

Difficulty communicating distress or sadness (Cite articles).
Job/work pressures (Cite articles).

Demographic characteristics (Cite articles).

Relationship between age and depression (Cite articles).
Relationship between marital status and depression (Cite articles).

A 1-2 page description of the sample you would like to use for your study, that provides the answer to the following questions:

What sampling technique would you use?
Does the sample generalize to the population? Explain why or why not.
What inclusion criteria would be used? What exclusion criteria would be used, if any?
What ethical issues might be encountered when collecting your information from this sample?

Be sure to also submit all your ten references (the five from last week and the five new ones you added) in an APA-style reference page. Be sure to also include an APA-style title page with your submission. Your paper should be at least 2-3 pages long. Make sure you write in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrate ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources; display accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.

All written assignments and responses should follow APA rules for attributing sources.