A 88-year-old male patient is admitted to the ICU with terminal kidney cancer. He is confused and disoriented, very skinny and appears underfed, and is covered with bruises, which are common in
patients with liver disorders. His daughter, who is a naturopathic physician, insists that she can cure her father by administering unknown substances, some of which smell like feces and look like
tar, down his NG tube. He is clearly in pain after she does this. She insists that these are life-saving interventions on her part, but the nursing and physician staff caring for the patient are
very upset and concerned that she is hastening his death. They have come to you for help.
1) describes how to use the method of ethical decision making, reviewed in the module, to help resolve this ethical dilemma. Address the following to generate your conclusions about how you would
proceed:

Apply the four core ethical principles and the process of ethical decision making.

Based on your research, respond to one of the following discussion questions.
Discussion Question 1
Read the following article:
Shelton, A., Freeman, B., Fish, A., Bachman, J., & Richardson, L. (2015). American Journal of Critical Care, 24(2), 148-155. doi: 10.4037/ajcc2015983
Ethics guidelines now require that individuals give informed consent to participate in research. Existing ethical guidelines do not help us decide how to seek consent and have allowed managerial experimentation to remain unchecked.
Based on your understanding of the topic and the article, answer the following question:
Do you think that alternative forms of community consent should be actively pursued? Why or why not? How would you feel if your medical records were examined and included in research without your consent based on an illness in the past?
Discussion Question 2
Scenario
Two nurse researchers are interested in studying whether a pain assessment tool for critical care patients is valid and reliable when applied to a group of patients who cannot communicate verbally due to mechanical ventilation. They design a validation study in which randomly selected patients will be assessed using the tool after a painful procedure (tracheal suctioning) and after a non-painful procedure (oral care). If patient responses result in higher scores after the painful procedure than after the non-painful one, then the researchers will conclude that the tool is effective for these patients in differentiating pain responses from responses to nursing procedures in general.
Using the checklist in the text, discuss and draw a conclusion as to whether this study will likely be exempt, expedited, or full review. Explain your rationale.