Design4Practice (D4P) Program
To: EGR 186 Students
From: Dr. Ostroha
Re: Histograms – Button Experiment
This assignment is due on Wednesday by the beginning of class.
PART I: Collect Experimental Data
• Measure the diameter of the provided 30 buttons (use mm).
o Follow the instructions presented in class on how to use the digital calipers.
• Record the diameter of each button to 2 decimal places (x.xx).
PART II: Organizing the Data
Create:
1. A table with data from your team (30 buttons), your section (300 buttons), and all EGR 186 sections (2,400-3,000 buttons).
2. Histograms (using EXCEL) to show the frequencies of button diameters of your team’s data (30 buttons), your section’s data (300 buttons), and all EGR 186 sections (2,400-3,000 buttons).
You will have 1 table and 3 histograms. Be sure your graphs are appropriately scaled. In other words, do not compare the diameters of your group (30 buttons) to the entire section (300 buttons). If you want to compare 30 buttons to 300, convert to a percentage (%).
PART III: Presenting the Experiment
Write a report to explain the experiment, show the data collected, and discuss the results.
1. Include a cover page with appropriate information.
2. The report must contain a 1) problem statement, 2) methods section, 3) results section, and 4) conclusion (make a conclusion by writing a short paragraph to answer the provided questions).
a. Conclusion: discuss your observations regarding the frequencies of button diameters.
i. Is there a distinct trend or trends? Is/Are the trend(s) similar across all 3 histograms?
ii. Discuss why such a result may have occurred.
PAPER FORMAT NOTES:
• Write your paper in 3RD PERSON! For example, “The data show…”, NOT “I saw a trend in the data…”. In engineering technical papers, the data is the focus (not you…).
• Properly label title and axes of every graph. No legend is required.
• Explain what each graph and table is in the text. Refer to each graph in the text (Figure 1, Figure 2, Table 1, etc.).
• Each graph must also have a caption centered directly BELOW the figure (i.e. Figure 1: Team results of…).
• Each table must have a caption centered directly ABOVE the table (i.e. Table 1: Team results of…).
• Refer to the articles you read for the Tech Comm Project for format, header, figure, table, and caption examples.

Design4Practice (D4P) Program

This assignment is due at the beginning of next class.Excel is available in many computer labs across campus.
Using formulas, absolute addresses, and x-y plot:
Supplies are dropped from an airplane to land at a certain point. The velocity of the package at release from the airplane is the speed of the airplane, v0x=200ft/s. The acceleration of the package due to gravity isay = -32.2 ft/s2. The displacement in the y direction can be found using the following equation: y – y0 = v0yt + ½ayt2. The final position of the package (y) is on the ground, and y0 represents the height of the plane when the package is dropped. The initial velocity in the y direction (v0y) is zero. Therefore the equation becomes: y = y0 + ½ayt2.
The distance the package travels in the x direction can be found from the equation: x – x0 = v0xt + ½axt2. The final position of the package (x) is measured from the initial position (x0). If x0 is taken as zero, and if the plane is traveling at a constant speed (ax is zero), then the equation becomes: x = v0xt.
Solve this problem using Excel (it may help to print this page and cross off the directions as you complete them).
1. Create a table for the initial data:
i. In cell B2 put the label “Plane height:”
ii. In cell C2 put the initial height of the plane in feet (ft): 300
iii. In cell B3 put the label “Acceleration (g):”
iv. In cell C3 put the acceleration of gravity in ft/s^2: -32.2
v. In cell B4 put the label “Velocity:”
vi. In cell C4 put the velocity in ft/s: 200
vii. In cells D2, D3, and D4, place the appropriate units
2. Create a table for the data and calculations:
i. In cells B6, C6, and D6 respectively, put the labels “t”, “x”, and “y”.
ii. In cell B7, enter the initial time: 0
iii. Increment the time in ½-second intervals in column B, from B8 to B16.
iv. Center all of the labels and data in columns B, C, and D.
v. Enter the formulas to calculate 1) x in cell C7 and 2) y in cell D7.
vi. Copy the formula from C7 to C8 through C16 and from D7 to D8 through D16.
vii. Format the numbers in the y column to one decimal point.
3. Create separate graphs of 1) “x vs. t” and of 2) “y vs. t”. Using the “x vs. t” graph as an example:
i. Select the x data (C7:C16), and then select the “line with markers” plot type.
ii. To add the time on the horizontal axis, right-click on the chart and chose “Select Data…”. In the “Select Data Source” dialog box, chose “edit” for the Horizontal (Category). In the next dialog box, simply select (drag the mouse over) the time data (B7:B16).
iii. Add major vertical gridlines, chart titles, and axis labels using the buttons under the “Layout” tab. Include the correct units in the axis titles and rotate the vertical axis title to the horizontal.
iv. Remove the “series” labels from these two charts (Layout/legend).
v. Repeat these steps for the “y vs. t” graph.
4. Create a graph of “x and y vs. t”
i. highlighting the x and y data before choosing the chart type or by copying and modifying one of the existing charts using the “Select Data…” command.
ii. Change the series labels to read “x” and “y” or “horizontal distance” and “vertical distance”.
iii. Add the appropriate chart title and axis labels.
5. Use trial and error:
i. Change the values in the “t” column to determine, by trial and error, the time at which the package hits the ground.
b. Using the “Goal Seek” tool:
i. Goal Seek can be found under the “Data” tab, “What-If Analysis” button.
ii. To use goal seek, open the Goal Seek dialog box: Set cell: D16, To Value: 0, By changing cell: B16.
iii. Record your answer in B18, then return the spreadsheet to its initial configuration.
Write a memorandum to the instructor that explains the data tables and the graphs. Do Notrefer to “cell B18” or any other cell (When looking at the data table in the Word document, how can you locate cell D9?).
1. Copy and paste the graphs (3) and the data tables into a Word document. It is recommended that you paste the data tables and each graph separately as a Picture (Windows or Enhanced Metafile). Do not paste the data or the graphs as a Graphic Object, or as an Excel Object (use “Paste Special” found under “Paste” on the Ribbon). Use appropriate titles or captions.
2. Explain each graph and data table. In the text, refer to each graph and table using appropriate labels.
3. Explain the number (time) obtained by using the “Goal Seek” function.
4. Carefully arrange the text, data tables and charts to print correctly (Print Preview).
5. Insert page numbers and a header if you have multiple pages.

Design4Practice (D4P) Program

This assignment is due at the beginning of next class.Excel is available in many computer labs across campus.
Using formulas, absolute addresses, and x-y plot:
Supplies are dropped from an airplane to land at a certain point. The velocity of the package at release from the airplane is the speed of the airplane, v0x=200ft/s. The acceleration of the package due to gravity isay = -32.2 ft/s2. The displacement in the y direction can be found using the following equation: y – y0 = v0yt + ½ayt2. The final position of the package (y) is on the ground, and y0 represents the height of the plane when the package is dropped. The initial velocity in the y direction (v0y) is zero. Therefore the equation becomes: y = y0 + ½ayt2.
The distance the package travels in the x direction can be found from the equation: x – x0 = v0xt + ½axt2. The final position of the package (x) is measured from the initial position (x0). If x0 is taken as zero, and if the plane is traveling at a constant speed (ax is zero), then the equation becomes: x = v0xt.
Solve this problem using Excel (it may help to print this page and cross off the directions as you complete them).
1. Create a table for the initial data:
i. In cell B2 put the label “Plane height:”
ii. In cell C2 put the initial height of the plane in feet (ft): 300
iii. In cell B3 put the label “Acceleration (g):”
iv. In cell C3 put the acceleration of gravity in ft/s^2: -32.2
v. In cell B4 put the label “Velocity:”
vi. In cell C4 put the velocity in ft/s: 200
vii. In cells D2, D3, and D4, place the appropriate units
2. Create a table for the data and calculations:
i. In cells B6, C6, and D6 respectively, put the labels “t”, “x”, and “y”.
ii. In cell B7, enter the initial time: 0
iii. Increment the time in ½-second intervals in column B, from B8 to B16.
iv. Center all of the labels and data in columns B, C, and D.
v. Enter the formulas to calculate 1) x in cell C7 and 2) y in cell D7.
vi. Copy the formula from C7 to C8 through C16 and from D7 to D8 through D16.
vii. Format the numbers in the y column to one decimal point.
3. Create separate graphs of 1) “x vs. t” and of 2) “y vs. t”. Using the “x vs. t” graph as an example:
i. Select the x data (C7:C16), and then select the “line with markers” plot type.
ii. To add the time on the horizontal axis, right-click on the chart and chose “Select Data…”. In the “Select Data Source” dialog box, chose “edit” for the Horizontal (Category). In the next dialog box, simply select (drag the mouse over) the time data (B7:B16).
iii. Add major vertical gridlines, chart titles, and axis labels using the buttons under the “Layout” tab. Include the correct units in the axis titles and rotate the vertical axis title to the horizontal.
iv. Remove the “series” labels from these two charts (Layout/legend).
v. Repeat these steps for the “y vs. t” graph.
4. Create a graph of “x and y vs. t”
i. highlighting the x and y data before choosing the chart type or by copying and modifying one of the existing charts using the “Select Data…” command.
ii. Change the series labels to read “x” and “y” or “horizontal distance” and “vertical distance”.
iii. Add the appropriate chart title and axis labels.
5. Use trial and error:
i. Change the values in the “t” column to determine, by trial and error, the time at which the package hits the ground.
b. Using the “Goal Seek” tool:
i. Goal Seek can be found under the “Data” tab, “What-If Analysis” button.
ii. To use goal seek, open the Goal Seek dialog box: Set cell: D16, To Value: 0, By changing cell: B16.
iii. Record your answer in B18, then return the spreadsheet to its initial configuration.
Write a memorandum to the instructor that explains the data tables and the graphs. Do Notrefer to “cell B18” or any other cell (When looking at the data table in the Word document, how can you locate cell D9?).
1. Copy and paste the graphs (3) and the data tables into a Word document. It is recommended that you paste the data tables and each graph separately as a Picture (Windows or Enhanced Metafile). Do not paste the data or the graphs as a Graphic Object, or as an Excel Object (use “Paste Special” found under “Paste” on the Ribbon). Use appropriate titles or captions.
2. Explain each graph and data table. In the text, refer to each graph and table using appropriate labels.
3. Explain the number (time) obtained by using the “Goal Seek” function.
4. Carefully arrange the text, data tables and charts to print correctly (Print Preview).
5. Insert page numbers and a header if you have multiple pages.