This course is a survey of economic history of Europe from 1840 to 1913. While the focus is on Europe, the course will introduce comparisons with other areas of the world. We will address several important questions in economic history.How did some countries succeed in achieving long-run sustained economic growth?How did Continental Europe catch up (and surpass) Britain, while others remained poorer?What is the relation between free trade and European economic development?How did political economy affect trade policy and industrial organization?How did firms in industrializing countries finance their enterprises? How did modern social insurance schemes emerge?