co-payment and european health systems and the reduction in moral hazard/unnecessary attendance of A&E in these respective countries Order Description 1. Countries in the EU/Western Europe with comparative health systems like the UK i.e.funded by taxation and free at the point of delivery (at least in the past free at point of delivery if co-payment now exists)2. Countries with co payment in Europe (Western Europe/EU) irrespective of healthcare funding3. Countries in the EU?Western Europe with copayment and funded by taxation like the UK in Europe3. Attendance of A&E/Emergency departments is the key factor . Determinants for what is assumed to be an unnecessary attendance of A&E departments4. I am looking for any change in attendance after the inclusion of co-payments. Less people attending. Less of one type of attendance etc.5. Inclusion and exclusion criteria i.e. children under 18 years exempt, maybe pensioners and people on income support e.g. benefits. Anything that can be found basically6. Problems encountered7. Applicablity to the UK. Hence the need to eventually from a broader perspective get it down to a comparative health system funded by taxation and then with inclusion of copayments saw x change if A&E attendances8. Include search words and methodology and portals used i.e. pubmed etc